Many people ponder how to water a garden. They may struggle over questions such as, “How much water should I give my garden?” or “How often should I water a garden?” It's really not as complicated as it seems, but there are some things that should be considered. These include the type of soil you have, what your climate or weather is like, and the types of plants you are growing.
When to Water Gardens
“When and how often should I water a garden?” While the general rule of thumb is about an inch or two (2.5-5 cm.) of water each week with deep, infrequent watering as opposed to the more frequent shallow watering, this really depends on a number of factors. First, consider your soil. Sandy soil is going to hold less water than heavier clay soil. Therefore, it's going to dry out faster while the clay-like soil will hold moisture longer (and is more susceptible to overwatering). This is why amending the soil with compost is so important. Healthier soil drains better but allows for some water retention too. Applying mulch is also a good idea, reducing watering needs. Weather conditions determine when to water garden plants as well. If it is hot and dry, for example, you'll have to water more often. Of course, in rainy conditions, little watering is needed. Plants, too, dictate when and how often to water. Different plants have different watering needs. Larger plants need more water as do newly planted ones. Vegetables, bedding plants, and many perennials have more shallow root systems and also require more frequent watering, some daily -- especially in temps over 85 degrees F. (29 C.). Most container plants need watering on a daily basis in hot, dry conditions — sometimes twice or even three times a day. When to water gardens also includes the time of day. The most suitable time for watering is morning, which reduces evaporation, but late afternoon is okay as well -- provided you keep the foliage from getting wet, which can lead to fungal issues.
How Much Water Should I Give My Garden Plants?
Deep watering encourages deeper and stronger root growth. Therefore, watering gardens about 2 inches (5 cm.) or so once a week is preferable. Watering more often, but less deep, only leads to weaker root growth and evaporation. Overhead sprinklers are often frowned upon, with exception to lawns, as these also lose more water to evaporation. Soaker hoses or drip irrigation is always better, going straight to the roots while keeping foliage dry. Of course, there's the old standby—hand watering—but since this is more time consuming, it's best left for smaller garden areas and container plants. Knowing when and how to water a garden correctly can ensure a healthy growing season with lush plants.